5329
Additional Taxes on Qualified Plans (Including IRAs) and Other Tax-Favored Accounts
Form 5329, Additional Taxes on Qualified Plans (Including IRAs) and Other Tax-Favored Accounts, is the 2025 tax year form. The instructions say it reports additional taxes on IRAs, other qualified retirement plans, modified endowment contracts, Coverdell ESAs, QTPs, Archer MSAs, HSAs and ABLE accounts.
The form is completed by the individual subject to the additional tax, and the form says it is attached to Form 1040, 1040-SR, 1040-NR or 1041, so trusts and estates use it too. Its parts cover early distributions, certain distributions from education and ABLE accounts, excess contributions to six kinds of accounts, and a missed minimum required distribution. A person who does not have to file a 2025 income tax return can file Form 5329 by itself, with an address on page 1 and a signature on page 3.
The form also says that a person who only owes the additional 10% tax on the full amount of early distributions may be able to report it directly on Schedule 2 (Form 1040), line 8, without filing Form 5329. You can fill out Form 5329 free in your browser on this page and download the result without an account.
Lines 1 to 4: early distributions includible in income, the part not subject to the additional tax with an exception number, and an additional tax of 10% of line 3. The form cautions that some SIMPLE IRA distributions use 25%.
Lines 5 to 8: distributions included in income from a Coverdell ESA, a QTP or an ABLE account, the part not subject to the tax, and an additional tax of 10% of line 7.
Lines 9 to 25 carry prior year excess contributions from the 2024 Form 5329, add 2025 excess contributions, and figure a 6% tax on the smaller of the total or the account value on December 31, 2025.
The same 6% calculation for excess contributions to Coverdell ESAs (lines 26 to 33), Archer MSAs (lines 34 to 41), HSAs (lines 42 to 49) and an ABLE account (lines 50 and 51).
Lines 52a to 55 compare the minimum required distribution with the amount distributed, apply 10% on line 54a and 25% on line 54b, and total the tax on line 55.
Signed only when the form is filed by itself and not with a tax return, with a Paid Preparer Use Only area for the preparer's name, PTIN and firm.
Enter the name of the individual subject to the additional tax and their social security number. Fill in the address only when filing the form by itself. Check the box for an amended return.
Enter early distributions includible in income on line 1. On line 2 enter the amount that can be excluded and the exception number (01 to 23), or 99 if more than one exception applies. Line 4 is 10% of line 3.
Enter any excess from the 2024 Form 5329, the reductions on the next lines and the 2025 excess. The additional tax is 6% of the smaller of the total excess or the account value on December 31, 2025.
Enter minimum required distributions on lines 52a and 52b and amounts distributed on 53a and 53b. For a waiver request, the instructions say to enter RC and the shortfall in parentheses next to line 54a or 54b and attach a statement of explanation.
Each additional tax line goes on Schedule 2 (Form 1040), line 8. For trusts and estates, the instructions say Part IX goes on Form 1041, Schedule G, line 8, with From Form 5329 written to the left.
When filing Form 5329 by itself, sign and date page 3. A paid preparer completes the Paid Preparer Use Only area.
You get the real form, filled in a browser tab, with nothing standing between you and the finished PDF.
The instructions say to file Form 5329 with the 2025 Form 1040, 1040-SR, 1040-NR or 1041 by the due date, including extensions, of the tax return.
If no 2025 income tax return is required, the form is filed by itself at the time and place Form 1040, 1040-SR or 1040-NR would be filed. The instructions say it then can't be filed electronically.
The instructions say that if distribution code 1 is correctly shown in box 7 of all Forms 1099-R and the additional tax is owed on the full amount, Form 5329 is not needed and the 10% tax goes directly on Schedule 2 (Form 1040), line 8.
A prior year's Form 5329 uses that year's version of the form. The instructions say it is filed by itself if there are no other changes and no return was filed, or with Form 1040-X if there are other changes.
The instructions say the Part IX tax is 25% of the excess accumulation, and may be reduced to 10% when, during the correction window, the shortfall is distributed from the plan and a return reflecting the tax is submitted.
1040
63 fields, 2 pages
1099-R
257 fields, 9 pages
8606
45 fields, 2 pages
8889
27 fields, 1 page
8853
38 fields, 2 pages
1040-X
166 fields, 2 pages
The instructions list the situations in which Form 5329 is filed. Each person who owes one of its taxes, or claims one of its exceptions, completes a form.
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The individual subject to the additional tax, attached to Form 1040, 1040-SR or 1040-NR, and trusts and estates with Form 1041. The instructions list early distributions, certain Roth IRA distributions, excess contributions and missed required distributions as reasons.
The instructions say that if code 1 is correctly shown in box 7 of all Forms 1099-R and the additional tax is owed on the full amount, the 10% tax can be reported directly on Schedule 2 (Form 1040), line 8.
The form says line 4 is 10% of line 3. The instructions say a SIMPLE IRA distribution received within 2 years from first participating in the plan uses 25% instead.
The form uses 6% of the smaller of the total excess contributions or the value of the account on December 31, 2025, including 2025 contributions made in 2026.
The instructions say the IRS can waive part or all of it if the shortfall was due to reasonable error and reasonable steps are being taken to remedy it. The request uses RC on line 54a or 54b plus a statement of explanation.
No. The instructions say that when Form 5329 is filed by itself, it can't be filed electronically.
No. The instructions say that if both spouses are required to file Form 5329, each completes a separate form and the combined tax goes on Schedule 2 (Form 1040), line 8.
